filter() method is used to create a new array with all elements that pass the test implemented by the provided function.

Syntax:

const newArray = array.filter(callback(element, index, array), thisArg);

callback: A function that is called for every element of the array. If this function returns true, the element is included in the new array.
element: The current element being processed in the array.
index (Optional): The index of the current element being processed in the array.
array (Optional): The array that filter() was called upon.
thisArg (Optional): Value to use as this when executing the callback function.

It can be particularly useful if you want to filter out certain values from an array of strings:

const words = ['spray', 'limit', 'elite', 'exuberant', 'destruction', 'present'];
 
const result = words.filter(word => word.length > 6);
 
console.log(result);
// Expected output: ['exuberant', 'destruction', 'present']

const products = [
  { name: 'Laptop', price: 1000 },
  { name: 'Phone', price: 500 },
  { name: 'Tablet', price: 300 },
  { name: 'Monitor', price: 200 },
  { name: 'Keyboard', price: 50 },
];
 
const expensiveProducts = products.filter(product => product.price > 500);
 
console.log(expensiveProducts);
// Expected output:
// [
//   { name: 'Laptop', price: 1000 },
//   { name: 'Phone', price: 500 }
// ]